The term acne is often used as a catch-all to refer to a variety of unwanted skin problems, but the word actually refers to a specific skin problem. Before we start treating acne, let's first look at what it is with Monica Poli, [comfort zone] skin science expert.

WHAT IS ACNE?

Every pore on the surface of your skin is connected to a gland that produces sebum. This natural oil is responsible for lubricating your skin's external barrier and protecting it from daily aggressors such as cold weather and dry air. Unfortunately, sebum and dead skin often build up in the follicle connecting the gland and the pore. This occurrence is better known as acne.

WHAT CAUSES ACNE?

Some of us have been dealing with severe acne since the beginning of puberty. Visits to the dermatologist were often necessary between the ages of 11-16. For others, this skin condition may have emerged in their mid-to-late twenties, leading to unsightly pimples and deep blackheads that we certainly don't want. Many women and men continue to struggle with acne-induced breakouts well into their golden years. Here are some of the most common causes of acne:

OIL AND DEAD SKIN.
Proper cleansing is key to preventing this common cause of acne. Some skin types are more prone to clogged pores due to the amount of sebum their glands produce.

BACTERIA.
Our skin harbors countless strains of bacteria - specifically a strain called Propionibacterium acnes, or P. acnes for short. This bacterium lives at the base of every follicle and feeds on sebum, dead skin cells, and other debris. When sebum production increases due to hormones, stress, or environmental factors, P. acnes also multiplies.

DIET.
A diet high in refined sugar, dairy, or simple carbohydrates has long been linked to an increase in acne. These foods cause a spike in insulin, which in turn causes an increase in androgen hormones. These are responsible for increased skin cell turnover, meaning there are more dead skin cells that could potentially clog your pores.

STRESS.
While dermatologists are still making progress in linking acne and stress, studies have shown a connection between stressful situations and an increase in breakouts. Cells that produce sebum have stress hormone receptors, which can cause them to increase production, leading to too much sebum and clogged pores.

HORMONES.
Hormone-related acne is especially common in teenagers, but many women report dealing with acne well past their teenage years. Fluctuating hormones during the menstrual cycle and decreasing estrogen levels during menopause cause breakouts by increasing sebum production and cell turnover.

THE BEST WAYS TO TREAT ACNE

Often, people turn to cleansers with benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, and other over-the-counter cleansers with acne-fighting properties. While salicylic acid can be helpful in suppressing breakouts, it's always wise to consult a dermatologist before applying heavy creams and treatments. Retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, and salicylic acid can cause irritation in certain skin types, worsening a severe acne condition.

1. SKINCARE HABITS

Cultivating healthy skincare habits is one of the best ways to control acne. Our skin is naturally inclined to protect, hydrate, and heal itself. Using products that nourish the skin's natural barrier is a great place to start when creating a new, acne-fighting regimen.

Double cleansing offers a great way to combat acne without stripping the skin of its natural lubrication. An oil-based cleanser like those from Jan Marini combined with a gentle, foaming wash like Essential Face Wash removes dirt and grime and hydrates the delicate facial skin.

/skin regimen/ is ideal for stressed or overworked skin that needs extra TLC. This line offers a range of lotions, moisturizers, detox masks, and eye creams that work together to reverse the effects of pollution, free radicals, sun exposure, and stress.

Finally, Active Pureness Line, specially designed for those with oily skin, includes cleansing and moisturizing products that can be used during periods of excessive sebum production or as part of a daily routine. Young, hormonal skin can greatly benefit from this consciously designed formula.

2. HOME REMEDIES

At-home face masks made with gentle, natural ingredients like apple cider vinegar, tea tree oil, cinnamon, and honey can hydrate the skin while restoring good bacteria. Combine these remedies with a [comfort zone] cleanser like the /skin regimen/ Cleansing Cream or a topical tea-tree booster for a powerful yet soothing acne treatment.

3. DIET & LIFESTYLE

Stress, lack of sleep, poor hydration, and insufficient nutrition certainly don't help the skin stay young and radiant. Plenty of water, organic food, and exercise contribute to the well-being of body and mind and stimulate your skin to function optimally.

CAN I GET RID OF ACNE FOR GOOD?

In short, no. Everyone occasionally struggles with a bout of acne. However, using high-quality skincare products and taking care of your body, mind, and soul is a great way to prevent acne-inspired breakouts. Topical acne treatments can help heal breakouts faster, while cleansers with key ingredients, such as retinoids and salicylic acid, deeply cleanse pores, preventing blockages and breakouts. Minimizing the signs of acne and treating this skin event at the root is very doable; it just requires a little self-discipline and self-care.

For advice or treatment, visit a [comfort zone] salon near you. Check out [comfort zone]'s spa locator to find the nearest spa and book your facial today!